Diesel and Spark Ignition Engines Emissions and After-Treatment Control: Research and Advancements

Evangelos G Giakoumis

doi:10.3390/en10111882

Abstract

One of the major risks mankind has encountered during recent years is, without a doubt, the anthropogenic contribution to environmental pollution [...]

Highlights

Introduction and MotivationOne of the major risks mankind has encountered during recent years is, without a doubt, the anthropogenic contribution to environmental pollution
This has posed a substantial burden on human health, and on the global economy
Following the example of the U.S, other areas, such as Europe and Japan, legislated emission limits from motor vehicles in the late 1960s to the early 1970s, with India, China, Australia, Canada, South Korea and other countries following in the years. These emission limits were soon expanded to cover nitrogen oxide (NOx) and, during the 1980s, particulate matter too; the latter was motivated by the increasing use of turbocharged diesel-powered trucks, which notoriously emitted black smoke from their exhausts during acceleration or starting

Summary

Introduction and Motivation

One of the major risks mankind has encountered during recent years is, without a doubt, the anthropogenic contribution to environmental pollution. Following the example of the U.S, other areas, such as Europe and Japan, legislated emission limits from motor vehicles in the late 1960s to the early 1970s, with India, China, Australia, Canada, South Korea and other countries following in the years These emission limits were soon expanded to cover NOx and, during the 1980s, particulate matter too; the latter was motivated by the increasing use of turbocharged diesel-powered trucks, which notoriously emitted black smoke from their exhausts during acceleration or (cold) starting. Worldwide driving cycles for light-duty vehicles (i.e., the WLTC cycle and the WLTP procedure), heavy-duty engines (transient WHTC and steady-state WHSC) and motorcycles (WMTC cycle) have been developed too by special UNECE sub-committees, based on measurements and real driving data collected from a variety of regions in the world [3] These cycles, of higher level and accuracy in terms of representativeness, are being gradually enforced into the legislation of many countries all over the world. Internal measures have not been abandoned, with EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) for NOx control being the most prominent one

Outline of the Submitted Works

Findings

Conclusions