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Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the use of extracted autogenous teeth for socket preservation after tooth extraction. Material and Methods: Cochrane, Scopus, and PubMed databases search was conducted to identify human clinical studies reporting the clinical, radiographic and/or histological outcomes of socket preservation techniques with autogenous extracted tooth Only studies published in English language in the last 10 years were included in the study. Results: In total, 82 articles were identified. Five articles were included in the review. They included 58 teeth that were prepared as a graft for socket preservation. The grafts derived from autogenous teeth were presented in three forms: particles, blocks and powder. The mean bone loss ranged from 0.28 mm to 0.41mm in height and 0.15 mm in width.Conclusion: Immediate autogenous extracted tooth as a grafting material for fresh socket preservation is promising for future daily clinical practice. More clinical comparative studies are needed.
Highlights
The bone and soft tissue alterations secondary to tooth extraction have a significant impact on the outcome of implant-supported restorations.[1]
Systematic reviews assessing the changes in alveolar bone dimension after tooth extraction have reported 2.6mm-4.6mm width reductions and 0.4mm - 3.9mm height reductions.[3,4]
The review protocol was registered in an international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO ID CRD42020189487) in which the methodology and inclusion and exclusion criteria were specified and documented
Summary
The bone and soft tissue alterations secondary to tooth extraction have a significant impact on the outcome of implant-supported restorations.[1] Deficiency of the facial bone affects negatively on esthetics and is a critical causative factor for esthetic implant complications and failure.[2] Systematic reviews assessing the changes in alveolar bone dimension after tooth extraction have reported 2.6mm-4.6mm width reductions and 0.4mm - 3.9mm height reductions.[3,4] Bone regeneration requires the migration of specific cells to the healing socket to proliferate and provide the biological substrate for the new tissue development. Proliferation and differentiation is regulated by a number of factors in coordination with extracellular signals, three-dimensional support and scaffolds and with the correct blood supply.[5]. Allografts, xenografts, and alloplastic bone grafts, mesenchymal stem cells and bioactive molecules, bioglass, and/or hydroxyapatite and autogenous extracted tooth are utilized either with resorbable or non-resorbable membrane for extraction socket preservation.[3,6,7,8,9,10,11,12] A bone graft material must be bimodal, which, in the early stages of differentiation, allows osteoblasts to build bridges between grains of different sizes and integrate with other osteoblasts, supporting both proliferation and differentiation.[14,17,18]
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