Dielectric studies in the development of high energy density pulsed power capacitors

Abstract

Summary form only given. In an effort to increase the energy density of high voltage capacitors to greater than 5 J/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> for compact pulsed power sources, high dielectric constant materials with high dielectric strength are under continued development at the University of Missouri. The materials are modified versions of composites recently developed for compact dielectric-loaded antennas. While the composites developed for antenna systems were developed specifically for use at 100s of MHz to several GHz, the requirements of capacitor applications present unique challenges. In particular, the leakage current must be minimized to efficiently store the energy for long periods of time, and the dielectric losses must be considered at the relatively lower frequencies up to several 10s of MHz. The paper will detail the dielectric properties of the materials under development for high energy density pulsed power capacitors. The dielectric constant and loss will be measured at frequencies relevant for capacitor applications. The leakage current under high voltage conditions will be evaluated, and waveforms from the fast discharge of sample capacitors will be analyzed. Finally, projections will be provided on how the materials may be scaled from small capacitors for dielectric evaluation to full-size prototypes.