Abstract

The low-frequency dielectric spectroscopy of granular material, where the porosity is representative for sands and sandstones, is until now always modeled using theories based on the work of Schwartz (1962). The theory for the low-frequency dielectric spectroscopy of suspensions, on the other hand, has been developed much further over the last decades both numerically and analytically.In this article new analytical expressions for the complex conductivity of granular material, such as sands and sandstones in an electrolyte solution, are presented. These expressions have been derived using the theories developed for suspensions. We show that the new expressions enable to predict the measured complex conductivity of various granular material, such as packed glass beads, sands and sandstones. Because of the typical grain size of sand and sandstone particles, for any ionic strength the double layer is much thinner that the particle size. Contrary to existing theories for granular materials, the expressions we derived are valid for any ionic strength and no adjustable parameters are required.The grains are represented by monodispersed charged spheres. We also discuss how the expressions can be adapted in the case the particles are not spherical and the grains are polydisperse.

Highlights

  • DC and AC conductivity measurements are usually performed to predict the reservoir properties of granular materials and porous rocks [1,2,3]

  • We show that the new expressions enable to predict the measured complex conductivity of various granular material, such as packed glass beads, sands and sandstones

  • Contrary to existing theories for granular materials, the expressions we derived are valid for any ionic strength and no adjustable parameters are required

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Summary

Introduction

DC and AC conductivity measurements are usually performed to predict the reservoir properties of granular materials and porous rocks [1,2,3] These properties are in particular: porosity, surface charge, grain or pore sizes and fluid saturation. In this article new analytical expressions for the complex conductivity of granular material, such as sands and sandstones in an electrolyte solution, are presented. (9) for the Maxwell–Wagner formalism and Eq (16) for the Bruggeman formalism These expressions are derived using an analytical theory for the dielectric response of a colloidal particle in an applied electric field [21] that reproduces the full numerical solutions of the electrokinetic set of equations within a few percent. We discuss how the expressions can be adapted in the case the particles are not spherical and the grains are polydisperse

Complex conductivity of granular material
Extended Bruggeman expression for charged spheres
Comparison with the Bussian model
Comparison with measurements
DC electric fields measurements
AC electric fields measurements
Models for non-spherical and polydisperse spheres
Non-spherical particles
Polydisperse samples
Conclusion
The shell model

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