Abstract
Abstract Measurements of the relative permittivity at 1 MHz and 9.27 GHz, and of the refractive index for the sodium-D line have been made for (A) o-nitrobenzaldehyde, (B) m-nitrobenzaldehyde, (C) m-chlorobenzaldehyde, and (D) p-chlorobenzaldehyde, at 15, 25, 35, and 45 °C in dilute solutions of benzene. The dielectric relaxation times τ(1) and τ(2) have been calculated using the Higasi, Koga, and Nakamura method. The results suggest that the relaxation time for the overall rotation decreases at a greater rate than the one for the internal rotation. The thermodynamic energy parameters have been calculated. The results show that the freedom of rotation of the –CHO group increases around the Calip–Carom bond as an electronegative substituent moves from the o- to m- to p- positions.
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