Abstract
This study consists of comprehensive investigations on dielectric permittivity (ε′), electric moduli (M′, M″), impedance (Z), and conductivity (σac) spectra over broad regions of frequency and temperature of lead zirconium silicate glass ceramics mixed with different concentrations of Fe2O3. The observed increase in dielectric permittivity with the content of Fe2O3 is attributed to the increasing presence of iron ions in octahedral positions. Electric moduli plots with frequency (ω) and temperature (T) exhibit dipolar effects. These effects are quantitatively analyzed by Cole–Cole plots; the analysis indicates the distribution of relaxation times. Probable dipoles for these effects are identified and discussed. AC conductivity (σac) shows a rising trend with an increase in Fe2O3 beyond 0.2 mol%, and this increase is attributed to the polaron exchange among Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions. The conduction mechanism is well explained using a polaron tunneling model in the middle‐frequency and high‐temperature regions.
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