Abstract
The electrical characterization of bone is essential for the better understanding of the role of electrical stimulation in bone remodeling. Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate Dihydrate or brushite (CaHPO4 2H2O) has been used in bone substitution owing to their fast resorption under physiological condition. Brushite is a suitable matrix for osteoconductive bone grafts. In this work, Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate single crystals have been grown by single diffusion gel growth technique. The powder XRD studies revealed the monoclinic structure of the grown crystals. The vibrational analysis of the crystals is done with FTIR spectroscopy and the major functional groups and their assigned vibrations are discussed. The frequency dependence of dielectric constant and ac conductivity at different temperatures have been studied in detail. This study shows decrease in the dielectric constant with the increase in frequency and temperature. The variation of ac conductivity is found to be increasing with frequency and decreasing with temperature.
Highlights
Bone is one of the natural materials made up of organic as well as inorganic components
Brushite is a suitable matrix for osteoconductive bone grafts
One class of calcium orthophosphates used in bone grafting applications are the calcium phosphate cements, which are the combination of a solid component containing one or more calcium orthophosphate powder with an aqueous solution [2]
Summary
Bone is one of the natural materials made up of organic as well as inorganic components. 60% of the bone graft substitutes currently available involve ceramics, either alone or in combination with another material. These include calcium sulfate, bioactive glass, and calcium phosphate [1]. Information on the inter relationship between electrical and dielectric properties with bone mineral density would enable the estimation of field distribution during electrical stimulation. In this context the electrical characterization of the bone grafting material is worthwhile and we have investigated the electric as well as dielectric properties of brushite. The electrical measurements were conducted in a wide frequency range, as motivated by the fact that electromagnetic pulses used in the stimulation of bone healing contain a wide range of frequencies as well [8]
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