Abstract
Ceramic-polymer nanocomposites, consisting of surface hydroxylated cube-shaped Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 nanoparticles (BST–NPs) as fillers and poly(vinylidenefluoride) (PVDF) as matrix, have been fabricated by using a solution casting method. The nanocomposites exhibited increased dielectric constant and improved breakdown strength. Dielectric constants of the nanocomposite with surface hydroxylated BST–NPs (BST–NPs–OH) were higher as compared with those of their untreated BST–NPs composites. The sample with 40 vol % BST–NPs–OH had a dielectric constant of 36 (1 kHz). Different theoretical models have been employed to predict the dielectric constants of the nanocomposites, in order to compare with the experimental data. The BST–NPs–OH/PVDF composites also exhibited higher breakdown strength than their BST–NP/PVDF counterparts. A maximal energy density of 3.9 J/cm3 was achieved in the composite with 5 vol % BST–NPs–OH. This hydroxylation strategy could be used as a reference to develop ceramic-polymer composite materials with enhanced dielectric properties and energy storage densities.
Highlights
A great deal of attention has been paid to developing high energy-storage density polymer-based capacitors, due to their potential applications in modern electronic and electrical power systems, such as electronic components, pulsed power sources and hybrid electric vehicles [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9].Compared with other electrical energy-storage devices, polymer-based capacitors have several advantages, such as fast charge/discharge (
X-ray diffraction (XRD) results exhibit no changes in the sample of the crystal structure of both Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 nanoparticles (BST–NPs)–OH and untreated BST–NPs
Surface hydroxylation of BST–NPs ceramic fillers has a positive effect on dielectric properties, 5
Summary
A great deal of attention has been paid to developing high energy-storage density polymer-based capacitors, due to their potential applications in modern electronic and electrical power systems, such as electronic components, pulsed power sources and hybrid electric vehicles [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. Ferroelectric ceramics (e.g., BaTiO3 ) have high dielectric constant, their applications have been largely limited, due to their low breakdown strength and processing difficulty In comparison, polymers, such as PVDF and BOPP, are flexible and easy fabrication. Nanocomposites have been considered to be a unique platform to combine the advantages of polymers (matrix) and ceramics (fillers), so as to achieve high energy density materials. A large quantity of the ceramic fillers is usually needed in order to achieve high dielectric constant In this case, the breakdown strength and mechanical properties of the composites are seriously deteriorated [8].
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