Abstract
A separation of the elements actinium to americium (atomic numbers 89–95) by paper chromatography is described. Alcohol—acid mixtures of various concentrations are used as eluents. In order to determine the position of the ions on the paper chromatograms, assay, autoradiographic and colorimetric techniques are used. The valency of plutonium and neptunium deposited on the paper chromatogram is determined after separation by co-precipitation reactions. The influence of the acidity of the eluents on the separation of the elements actinium—thorium—plutonium and americium is investigated more closely. With methanol—hydrochloric acid as eluent the trivalent and the tetravalent actinide elements show a minimum RF value at a 2:1 methanol:hydrochloric acid ratio. 239Pu was detected by paper chromatography in a uranium solution that had been irradiated and then stored for a considerable time. With thorium as an example it is shown that a quantity of substance exceeding 10−10 g per paper chromatogram is necessary for obtaining a constant RF value. With a smaller amount of thorium the RF value decreases.
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