Abstract
Resurrection in Judaism, the Greek-Roman world and the New TestamentThe article shows that in the Jewish and Greco-Roman worlds’ belief in the afterlife underwent a progressive development. It focuses on a “belief” in no life after death in pre-exilic Judaism, which developed into the belief that the dead did not cease to exist in the afterlife. This view again developed into a belief that the dead still lived, but only as a shadow of the living existence. In post-exilic Judaism the belief in a general eschatological resurrection was held, a conviction that was the result of the understanding of martyrdom in especially the Maccabean period. In the Greco-Roman world the conviction initially was that there was no life after death (Homer), and later a belief in the immortality of the soul (Plato) set in. The mystery cults also upheld a belief in the resurrection of the dead. Interpreted from a Jewish perspective on afterlife in the New Testament, the resurrection of Jesus was seen as an individual resurrection before the general eschatological resurrection that inaugurates “the age to come”.
Highlights
The article shows that in the Jewish and Greco-Roman worlds’ belief in the afterlife underwent a progressive development. It focuses on a “belief” in no life after death in pre-exilic Judaism, which developed into the belief that the dead did not cease to exist in the afterlife
In post-exilic Judaism the belief in a general eschatological resurrection was held, a conviction that was the result of the understanding of martyrdom in especially the Maccabean period
Interpreted from a Jewish perspective on afterlife in the New Testament, the resurrection of Jesus was seen as an individual resurrection before the general eschatological resurrection that inaugurates “the age to come”
Summary
Die doel van die onderhawige bydrae is om vanuit ’n bepaalde hoek aan die huidige debat oor die opstanding van Jesus Christus deel te neem. In die onderhawige artikel word aan twee sake aandag gegee. In ’n tweede artikel word aandag gegee aan die standpunte van drie prominente deelnemers aan die huidige debat oor die opstanding, te wete William Lane Craig, Gerd Lüdemann en John Dominic Crossan. Vervolgens word die standpunte oor die opstanding van die genoemde NuweTestamentici gebruik as vertrekpunt om twee sake wat van belang is in die ondersoek na die opstanding van Jesus aan die orde te stel: die verhouding tussen vooronderstellings en resultate (in die ondersoek na die opstanding van Jesus Christus), en die aard van die tekste van die Nuwe Testament as geskiedenis en teologie. Ten slotte word ’n eie verstaan van die opstanding, en na-opstanding verskynings van Jesus aangebied
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