Die Monetarisierung des österreichischen Raums im 12. Jahrhundert im Spiegel der Urkunden

Abstract

The high degree of monetisation of the area of present-day Austria in the Roman Empire was largely lost after the departure of the Romans in the late 5th century. Medieval coinage in the marcha orientalis began later than in all neighbouring territories. The start of minting is currently assumed to have been between 1110 and 1130. The basis of our knowledge are the coin finds from which we know the pennies that were minted in the mints in Krems, Neunkirchen, Enns and Friesach in the first half of the 12th century. This coinage set in motion a renewed monetisation of the Austrian area, which reached a first peak already in the second half of the 12th century. In order to get to know this phenomenon better, another source genre is consulted here: In charters of the eastern Austrian area, payments made are occasionally mentioned or possible future payment transactions are regulated or announced. These mentions of "amounts of money" can make a significant contribution not only to the dating of the beginning of coinage, but also to the question of how quickly coined money was able to prevail over non-monetary means of payment.