Abstract
Tourism gentrification, as a complex phenomenon in large urban destinations, is an important topic for future tourism professionals. The aim of this paper is to offer a digital cartography making activity based on the contemporary dynamics of commercial transformation within tourism gentrification contexts in Madrid in order to facilitate its understanding. This innovative teaching activity is in accordance with the sustainable tourism pedagogy approach and follows an active methodology using three different GIS applications: Google Street View, ESRI ArcGIS Desktop and ESRI ArcGIS Online Story Maps application. A 4-phase methodological design is proposed so that the activity is customizable (1- recognition of previous ideas), achievable (2- significant streets’ mapping), collaborative (3- collective idea-sharing) and replicable (4- academic and didactic evaluation). Finally, the results from an initial implementation are brought to light: i) an initial conceptual lack was found, ii) examples that help to see the proposal materialized are shown and iii) expected positive consequences according to the scientific literature are presented. It is concluded that, despite the scarce bibliography, the use of GIS software and Google Street View in tourism higher education is convenient, not only to facilitate the learning of complex territorial phenomena but also to learn digital tools highly valued in the professional field.
Highlights
Tourism is a modern phenomenon that has important effects on the culture, the environment, and the economy of societies throughout the World (Santamaria & Filis, 2019)
This study aims at students taking the module “Planning of Tourism Destinations” within the Tourism Degree at the University Complutense of Madrid (UCM)
Most students identify the topic of study, namely the commercial transformation that is recently taking place in the peripheral neighborhoods of traditional urban tourism centers, but almost a quarter of them are confused about what this commercial transformation consists of
Summary
Tourism is a modern phenomenon that has important effects on the culture, the environment, and the economy of societies throughout the World (Santamaria & Filis, 2019). Embedded in the broader context of globalization, the process of “touristification” refers to the intensification of tourist use in urban central spaces (Navarrete Escobedo, 2017). Touristification symptoms are the proliferation of tourism businesses, such as boutique hotels, and tourist apartments massively available through P2P platforms that penetrate the residential districts; the growth of leisure activities, and nightlife in particular; the disappearance of traditional and local businesses, giving way to large global brands; and the displacement of the resident population (García-Hernández, De la Calle-Vaquero, & Yubero, 2017). As growth of urban tourism persists, processes of urban gentrification have been observed. Gentrification caused by tourism is affecting a growing number of cities around the World, in Europe, and it is a relevant issue in the 21st century (Gravari-Barbas & Guinand, 2017; Calle-Vaquero, 2019)
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