Abstract
The unusually sensitive solvatochromism of the two-photon fluorescence fluorophore of 2,5-dicyano-4-methyl-4’-dimethylaminostilbene (P1) whose emission maximum varies from 445 nm in cyclohexane to 641 nm in DMSO are described. P1 with remarkably large two-photon cross sections exhibits very strong polarity-, viscosity-, and temperature-dependence of fluorescence, and can be used to detect polarities, viscosities, and temperature. P1 presents a two-photon triple fluorescence.
Highlights
For the development of Two-Photon (TP) and Two-Photon Fluorescence (TPF)-optimized molecular probes, it is important to have a significant modulation of the photophysical properties of the chromophore in response to external stimuli, such as polarity, pH, ion concentration, and temperature
A small number of TPF probes for polarity were reported, and two among them were used for lipid rafts imaging, their applications can’t be extended from polarity detection to viscosities and temperature
In them, small molecule-size always is accompanied by narrow solvatochromic range and small δ [1-5]
Summary
For the development of Two-Photon (TP) and Two-Photon Fluorescence (TPF)-optimized molecular probes, it is important to have a significant modulation of the photophysical properties of the chromophore in response to external stimuli, such as polarity, pH, ion concentration, and temperature. It is studied that these two probes are applied to the detection of solvent polarities, viscosities and temperature, especially two-photon triple fluorescence is found for the first time.
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