Dichlorocarbene Addition of N-Vinylimidazole under Ultrasound Assisted a New Multi-Site Phase-Transfer Catalyst - A Kinetic Study

Abstract

The kinetics for dichlorocyclopropanation of N-vinylimidazole with an excess of chloroform has been studied under multi-site phase-transfer catalyst and ultrasound irradiation conditions using aqueous sodium hydroxide as the base. The reaction was carried out at 40°C and a pseudo-first order rate is used to describe the reaction rate at high alkaline concentration (>30 wt.%). Kinetics of the reaction including the effects of the reaction conditions on the conversion of N-vinylimidazole was investigated. A rational explanation was made for a peculiar phenomenon that the conversion of N-vinylimidazole was increased and then decreased with an increase in the amount of sodium hydroxide and the kapp value increases with increasing other kinetic parameters that is the amount of multi-site phase-transfer catalyst, viz., N,N’-dihexyl-4,4’-bipyridinium dibromide, concentration of substrate, ultrasonication, stirring speed, temperature, etc.