Abstract
A cost-effective and uniform crystal with different structures was fabricated using a facile chemical bath deposition technique for electrochemical supercapacitor (SC) applications. In this study, CuS, PbS, and CuS@PbS composite electrodes were fabricated for SCs. The morphology and structure of the electrodes were analyzed by field emission–scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The CuS@PbS composite electrode delivered outstanding electrochemical performance in SCs with a high specific capacitance of 1004.42 F g−1 at a current density of 2.85 A g−1, good cycling stability (only 2.9% loss after 3000 cycles at 2.85 A g−1), higher energy density of 33.89 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 714.28 W kg−1, and an excellent rate capability compared to other electrodes. These results show that the CuS@PbS composite can be used to improve the surface morphology and is a promising positive electrode material for SC applications.
Highlights
Friendly, efficient, and sustainable energy resources are attracting increasing attention in the modern electronics industry
Supercapacitors (SCs) have received tremendous interest owing to their light weight, high performance, stability, low maintenance cost, safer operation, and environmental friendliness [1,2]
SCs can be classified into two categories based on the charge storage mechanism: electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLCs) and pseudocapacitors
Summary
Friendly, efficient, and sustainable energy resources are attracting increasing attention in the modern electronics industry. According to the charge storage mechanism, pseudocapacitors have a much higher energy density and specific capacitance than EDLCs. According to the charge storage mechanism, pseudocapacitors have a much higher energy density and specific capacitance than EDLCs Pseudocapacitor materials, such as conducting polymers/metal oxides, are used for high performance because of their low cost, low toxicity, good flexibility, and appropriate morphology [4,5,6]. Transition metal sulfides, such as CoS, NiS, ZnS, SnS, and CuS, are attractive electrode materials for SCs because of their superior capacitive performance, natural abundance, and low cost [7,8,9,10,11,12]. CuS has been used as a counter electrode for Energies 2018, 11, 1624; doi:10.3390/en11071624 www.mdpi.com/journal/energies
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