Abstract
This chapter deals with covalent bonding, looking especially at the bonding in diatomic molecules that contain only two atoms. It considers three different approaches to bonding. The types of bonding can be thought of as a spectrum, with covalent bonding at one extreme and ionic bonding at the other. The chapter talks about the basis of Lewis, valence bond, and molecular orbital theories of bonding and determines the similarities and differences between them. It illustrates how to draw Lewis structures for molecules and determine their bond orders, the resonance forms for homonuclear and heteronuclear diatomic molecules, and boundary surfaces to show how molecular orbitals are formed from the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO). The construction of molecular orbital energy level diagrams for homonuclear diatomics is also included.
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