Abstract
AbstractWith 1.6 million Finnish-origin individuals abroad, the focus in Finland has traditionally been on Finnish cultural associations and educational programmes over any other type of engagement with this population. This chapter provides an overview of Finland’s diaspora policies, with a focus on social protection. It shows that Finland does not have a specific global policy of supporting Finns abroad, but rather a regional approach with Nordic countries (Denmark, Iceland, Norway and Sweden). Similarly, this chapter shows that Finland has a somewhat decentralized approach to diaspora engagement by which its strong network of non-profit organizations abroad perform a role traditionally given to public authorities in the area of social protection and consultation. The diaspora policy of the Finnish Government could be characterised as reactionary, since Finnish missions increasingly help Finnish tourists abroad. A strong Nordic cooperation in the field of social protection has widened after huge immigration of Finnish people to Sweden, and bilateral social agreements have been established with countries where Finns have immigrated historically like the United States and Australia.
Highlights
This chapter provides an overview of Finland’s diaspora policies in 2018, mainly focusing on the main features and development of policies in the area of social protection
This is due to the Nordic joint history, a similar culture and societal system, and Nordic languages
The Nordic model is built largely on a tradition characterised by the strong rule of law, active civil society organisations, equality, solidarity and closeness to nature
Summary
We provide an overview of Finland’s diaspora policies in 2018, mainly focusing on the main features and development of policies in the area of social protection. Finland does not have a specific global policy of supporting Finns abroad, but rather a regional one meaning that Finns living in Nordic countries (Denmark, Iceland, Norway and Sweden) have broadly the same rights than nationals in those countries. Finns are entitled to Finnish social protection when they stay abroad less than 1 year. M. Malin nationals abroad, Finland has developed an advanced form of cooperation in the area of consular and social security cooperation. Finland has developed an advanced form of cooperation in the area of consular and social security cooperation This de facto benefits a large share of the Finnish population residing abroad, since Finns and Finnish-origin people concentrate in those countries such as Sweden, Canada, Australia, the United States of America (USA) and, more recently, Southern European countries where Finnish retirees increasingly reside. To state policies and programmes, non-state institutions are active in the area of diaspora’s access to social protection
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