Abstract
Chinese olive (Canarium album Raeusch.) is an economically important fruit crop with a long history in China as a medicinal plant. However, it is prone to fungal pathogens. In recent survey, Chinese olive trees showing shoot and twigs dieback, and in severe cases, leaf defoliation and branches withered, were observed in the field. These symptoms were never observed in Chinese olive and can be considered a novel dieback disease. The responsible pathogen was isolated and purified from shoot and twigs samples of dieback diseased Chinese olive collected from in Fujian Province, and was identified as Diaporthe arecae based on morphological characteristics and multi-genes phylogenetic analysis. Subsequent pathogen inoculations on detached leaves and branches and in seedlings confirmed its pathogenicity in Chinese olive causing dieback disease, in accordance to Koch's postulates. This is the first report of dieback disease caused by D. arecae in Chinese olive worldwide.
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