Abstract
Abstract Intrarow seed spacing of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) has been studied extensively using conventional interrow widths. Modification of spatial arrangements of cultivars with different growth habits can result in optimizing yield. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of seeding in a diamond-shaped configuration on the yield, value, market grade, and plant growth of six peanut cultivars. A 3-year field study was conducted at the Tidewater Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Suffolk, Virginia, using NC 7, VA 81B, NC 9, NC-V 11, VA-C 92R and Florigiant peanut. Plots were 1.82-m wide and 3.65-m long with diamond-shaped seed configurations of 15.2 × 15.2, 30.5 × 30.5, and 45.7 × 45.7 cm. The experimental design was a randomized complete block, split-plot design with cultivars the main plot and seed configurations the split-plot with four replications. Significantly taller main stems (39.4, 30.5, and 22.9 cm) and longer cotyledonary lateral branches (50.3, 48.0, and 45.5 cm) were recorded for the 15.2 × 15.2, 30.5 × 30.5, and 45.7 × 45.7-cm diamond-shaped seed configurations, respectively. The 15.2 × 15.2-cm seed configuration resulted in higher yield, value, sound mature kernels, and total kernels and lower percentage of other kernels. The 15.2 × 15.2, 30.5 × 30.5, and 45.7 × 45.7-cm seed configurations had yields of 5935, 5497, and 4874 kg ha-1 and values of 4192, 3804, and 3342 $ ha-1, respectively. Sound mature kernels were 69.7, 68.2 and 67.4% and total kernels were 73.2, 72.3, and 71.8% for the 15.2 × 15.2, 30.5 × 30.5, and 45.7 × 45.7-cm seed configurations, respectively. Percentages of other kernels were 1.7, 2.0, and 2.3 for the 15.2 × 15.2, 30.5 × 30.5, and 45.7 × 45.7-cm seed configurations, respectively. Significant cultivar by seed configuration interactions were obtained for yield and value. These results indicate peanut yields can be increased by selecting cultivars which respond to diamond-shaped seed configurations or more importantly that seeding rate and configuration should be matched to the cultivar selected.
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