Abstract
Extreme conditions, such as ultra-low temperatures, high pressures, and strong magnetic fields, are critical to producing and studying exotic states of matter. To measure physical properties under extreme conditions, the advanced sensing schemes are required. As a promising quantum sensor, the diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center can detect magnetic field, electronic field, pressure, and temperature with high sensitivity. Considering its nanoscale spatial resolution and ultra-wide working range, the diamond quantum sensing can play an important role in frontier studies involving extreme conditions. This paper reviews the spin and optical properties of diamond NV center under extreme conditions, including low temperature, high temperature, zero field, strong magnetic fields, and high pressures. The opportunities and challenges of diamond quantum sensing under extreme conditions are discussed. The basic knowledge of spin-based quantum sensing and its applications under extreme conditions are also covered.
Highlights
the diamond quantum sensing can play an important role in frontier studies involving extreme conditions
The opportunities and challenges of diamond quantum sensing under extreme conditions are discussed
Applications of diamond quantum sensing at high temperatures
Summary
Working principle of diamond quantum sensing: (a) The energy level structure and optical transitions of a diamond NV center; (b) the energy levels of NV ground state as function of external perturbations (from top to bottom: pressure, temperature, and magnetic field). 自旋相干性质方面, 2012 年 Budker 研究团队 [23] 系统测量了 4—300 K 区间的自旋弛 豫时间, 发现降温可显著提升 NV 中心自旋弛豫时 间 (T1), 在达到自旋间偶极相互作用设定的限制之 前, NV 中心自旋 T1 表现出随温度 T 5 的依赖关系, 如图 3(a) 所示. 图 4 高温下金刚石 NV 中心自旋量子调控 [28] (a) 基于原位激光加热的快速温控; (b) 高温光探磁共振脉冲序列; (c) 零场劈裂 随温度变化规律; (d) 自旋弛豫速率随温度的变化规律; (e) 高温下自旋 Rabi 振荡 Fig. 4. Quantum control of diamond NV centers under high temperatures [28]: (a) Fast temperature control by in-situ laser heating and cooling; (b) pulse sequence for high-temperature ODMR; (c) temperature dependence of zero-field splitting of NV centers; (d) temperature dependence of spin relaxation rate; (e) Rabi oscillation under high temperatures. 通过测量 NV 中心自旋 弛豫时间随温度的变化规律, 发现高温下双声子 拉曼过程 (two-phonon Raman processes) 带来的 自旋弛豫过程占主导, 弛豫速率随温度呈现出 T5 依赖关系.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
