Diallyl Trisulfide, the Antifungal Component of Garlic Essential Oil and the Bioactivity of Its Nanoemulsions Formed by Spontaneous Emulsification.

Xue Gong,Xiaoqian Su,Hongjia Liu

doi:10.3390/molecules26237186

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical compounds of garlic essential oil (EO), and determine the antifungal efficacy of garlic EO and its major components, diallyl trisulfide and its nanoemulsions against wood-rotting fungi, Trametes hirsuta and Laetiporus sulphureus. GC-MS analysis revealed that the major constituents of garlic EO were diallyl trisulfide (39.79%), diallyl disulfide (32.91%), and diallyl sulfide (7.02%). In antifungal activity, the IC50 value of garlic EO against T. hirsuta and L. sulphureus were 137.3 and 44.6 μg/mL, respectively. Results from the antifungal tests demonstrated that the three major constituents were shown to have good antifungal activity, in which, diallyl trisulfide was the most effective against T. hirsuta and L. sulphureus, with the IC50 values of 56.1 and 31.6 μg/mL, respectively. The diallyl trisulfide nanoemulsions showed high antifungal efficacy against the examined wood-rotting fungi, and as the amount of diallyl trisulfide in the lipid phase increases, the antifungal efficacy of the nanoemulsions increases. These results showed that the nanoemulsions and normal emulsion of diallyl trisulfide have potential to develop into a natural wood preservative.

Highlights

Worldwide, it is generally believed that the problem faced in the management of wood structure was the biodegradation of wood by fungi and termites [1,2,3]
The results clearly showed that garlic essential oil (EO) has an inhibitory efficacy against two wood decay fungi (Table 1)
Garlic EO and extracts have been used to develop as a series of pest control products and are marketed as crop protection products to prevent and control many pest organisms

Summary

Introduction

It is generally believed that the problem faced in the management of wood structure was the biodegradation of wood by fungi and termites [1,2,3]. Many essential oils or extracts have been evaluated for the control of wood decay fungi, such as Syzgium aromaticum [1], Pinus rigida [10], Rumex abyssinicus [11], Origanum vulgare [2], Tectona grandis [7], Allium cepa [11], Amorphophallus konjac [12], and Lannea coromandelica [13]. These results showed that EOs have the potential to develop into green wood preservatives to control wood decay fungi

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion