Abstract
The number of sweet corn cultivars adapted to the climatic conditions and with agronomic traits recommended to the Brazilian market is still limited. Thus, the aim was to investigate the general and specific combining ability (GCA and SCA, respectively) in relation to the grain yield (GY) and total soluble solid (TSS) contents of seven lines of sweet corn (su1) and eight lines of supersweet corn (sh2) by diallel crosses. For TSS, the inbred lines SC6 and SC7 of sweet corn, and SSC7 and SSC8 of supersweet corn showed higher GCA effect. For GY, the inbred lines SC1 and SC2 of sweet corn and SSC4 and SSC6 of supersweet corn showed higher GCA effect. For TSS in sweet corn, the hybrids ‘4 × 6’ and ‘1 × 7’ showed the superior Ŝij estimates across all evaluated environments. For GY, the hybrid ‘5 × 7’ was the most relevant because it showed higher Ŝij estimates in most of the evaluated environments. Additionally, the hybrids ‘1 × 4’, ‘3 × 4’, and ‘1 × 7’ showed positive Ŝij values across all environments. In supersweet corn, the hybrids ‘2 × 8’, ‘3 × 6’, and ‘5 × 6’ should be selected as the most promising for both traits (TSS and GY), because they presented positive and high Ŝij estimates across the six environments.
Highlights
Sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata) is considered one of the most popular vegetables in the US and Canada (TRACY, 2001) because of its improved shelf life and taste (DODSON-SWENSON; TRACY, 2015)
In Brazil, the cultivation area of sweet corn is 36,000 ha (SANTOS et al, 2014), which represents only 14.4% of the area occupied by US sweet corn (UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 2014)
Supersweet corn is a variety of corn in which the homozygous hybrid has the shrunken2 gene (TRACY, 2001; YOUSEF; JUVIK, 2002) with about a 9 to 14% sugar content, and present about 15 to 25% of accumulated sugar in the endosperm
Summary
Sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata) is considered one of the most popular vegetables in the US and Canada (TRACY, 2001) because of its improved shelf life and taste (DODSON-SWENSON; TRACY, 2015). Supersweet corn is a variety of corn in which the homozygous hybrid has the shrunken (sh2) gene (TRACY, 2001; YOUSEF; JUVIK, 2002) with about a 9 to 14% sugar content, and present about 15 to 25% of accumulated sugar in the endosperm. This higher accumulation results in a longer harvesting period, which implies a slower conversion of sugar to starch (MARSHALL; TRACY, 2003)
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