Diallel analysis of “dedo-de-moça” pepper seeds in relation to physiological potential

Gisely Paula Gomes,Felipe F Furlan,Leandro Sa Gonçalves,Lúcia Sa Takahashi,Gustavo Henrique Freiria,Robison Alesandro De Queiroz,Douglas Zeffa

doi:10.1590/s0102-053620200310

Abstract

ABSTRACT “Dedo-de-moça” (Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum) is one of the main chili peppers grown worldwide. However, studies on genetics and breeding of this species are rare, when compared to other Capsicum species, manly in relation to physiological seed quality traits. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the combining ability of “dedo-de-moça” chili pepper in relation to physiological seed quality traits, determine the gene effects involved in the expression of these traits, and identify promising hybrid combinations. Crosses among five parents (Hortivale, Horticeres, Brs Mari, UEL 110 and UEL 111) in a full diallel mating design, resulted in 20 F1 hybrids. Griffing’s diallel model was used to estimate general and specific combining ability (GCA and SCA, respectively) as well as the reciprocal effect (RE). Wide genetic variability was observed for all evaluated traits. Significant effects of GCA, SCA and RE were also verified for all traits, showing that additive, non-additive and cytoplasmic effects are involved in the genetic control of physiological seed quality. Non-additive effects were predominant for all traits, being UEL 111 (♂) × Hortivale (♀) and Hortivale (♂) × UEL 110 (♀) considered promising hybrids for obtaining more vigorous seeds with higher germination and greater longevity.

Highlights

A pimenta “dedo-de-moça” (Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum) é uma das principais pimentas cultivadas mundialmente
Genetic studies and breeding programs of this species are rare when compared to other Capsicum species, mainly studies on physiological seed quality
A low supply of quality seeds can be a limiting factor for large-scale production of “dedo-demoça” pepper (Carvalho et al, 2009), Horticultura Brasileira 38 (3) July - September, 2020 and this supply is related to several factors, such as deficient production techniques, physiological maturation stage, low yield, seed extraction difficulties, harvesting and lack of superior genotypes in the production of seeds with high physiological potential (Nascimento et al, 2006)

Summary

Introduction

A pimenta “dedo-de-moça” (Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum) é uma das principais pimentas cultivadas mundialmente. Objetivou-se avaliar a capacidade combinatória de pimentas “dedo-de-moça” em relação à qualidade fisiológica de sementes, determinar os efeitos gênicos envolvidos na expressão dessas características, bem como identificar combinações híbridas promissoras. Efeitos significativos para CGC, CEC e ER foram verificados para todas as características, indicando que os efeitos aditivos, não aditivos e citoplasmáticos estão envolvidos no controle genético da qualidade fisiológica de sementes. Genetic studies and breeding programs of this species are rare when compared to other Capsicum species, mainly studies on physiological seed quality. This is a perennial, shrubby plant, exploited as an annual plant, showing a wide genetic variability. A low supply of quality seeds can be a limiting factor for large-scale production of “dedo-demoça” pepper (Carvalho et al, 2009), Horticultura Brasileira 38 (3) July - September, 2020 and this supply is related to several factors, such as deficient production techniques, physiological maturation stage, low yield, seed extraction difficulties, harvesting and lack of superior genotypes in the production of seeds with high physiological potential (Nascimento et al, 2006)

Objectives

Methods

Results