Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study dialectical methodology as a scientific reasoning process in Islam comparatively with mainstream philosophy of science.Design/methodology/approachComparative discursive method of inquiry using the language of philosophy of science and abstract mathematization (limited use).FindingsThis is a theoretical paper of an intellectual category, which presents the arguments within the framework of the principle of universal and pervasive complementarities as the evidential sign of the epistemology of unity of knowledge studied through functional ontological logical formalism.Research limitations/implicationsThe theoretical nature of an argumentative paper is at best a foundation one rather than an empirical one.Practical implicationsAn example of the Islamic dialectical methodology of unity of knowledge is applied to socioeconomic development in Islamic perspective.Originality/valueThere is believed to be no other paper on Islam and its dialectical methodology in scientific reasoning compared to the theory of dialectics in mainstream philosophy of science in the contemporary literature.
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