Abstract
Background: Cutaneous lymphangioma circumscriptum is characterized by clusters of deep-seated, vesicle-like papules. Cutaneous lymphangioma circumscriptum (CLC) is not a tumor but rather a congenital malformation of superficial lymphatics.Objectives: The study aimed to describe the dermoscopic features of CLC and investigate the reason why marked blood components in CLC. Moreover, this study sought to increase awareness of the clinical characteristics of CLC and provide insights into CLC diagnosis.Methods: A representative sample of patients with CLC with demographic information and pathological and dermoscopical results was analyzed. The immunohistochemistry of lymphangioma specimens with CD31 and D2-40 was performed. The clinical manifestations of CLC, demographic information, and the results of immunohistochemistry were statistically analyzed to validate the correlation.Results: Besides the pattern of frog spawn-like blisters, lymphangioma also presented as either transparent or pigmented with dark-red to whitish/yellowish shades. Moreover, lymphangioma manifested as a pattern of dermatofibroma. Furthermore, CD31 was detected in the flattened endothelium and only present in dilated spaces containing enough blood or lymph components.Limitations: This study is limited by its retrospective nature and statistical power.Conclusion: Dermoscopy is useful for the diagnosis of CLC. CD31 positive staining and cystic-dilated spaces showed flattened inner and outer endothelia are the diagnostic features in hypopyon-like shape and blisters resembling frog spawn patterns in CLC. These features can assist in the diagnosis of CLC.
Highlights
Cutaneous lymphangioma circumscriptum is a benign disorder with asymptomatic lesions, including discrete translucent vesicles [1, 2]
These skin lesions are located in any part of the body, and their color varies from clear to dark red depending on the presence of lymphatic fluid and/or blood components [3]
This study aimed to examine dermoscopic cutaneous lymphangioma circumscriptum (CLC) manifestations retrospectively, create a complement to existing CLC dermoscopic features, and understand why some CLC subtypes are manifested with blood components
Summary
Cutaneous lymphangioma circumscriptum is a benign disorder with asymptomatic lesions, including discrete translucent vesicles [1, 2]. Dermatoscopy and CD31 Expression in CLC degradation [3, 4] These skin lesions are located in any part of the body, and their color varies from clear to dark red depending on the presence of lymphatic fluid and/or blood components [3]. Dermoscopy is a non-invasive clinical diagnostic technique wherein the skin is magnified to observe the structure and color from the epidermis to the papillary layer [6, 7]. This technique is extensively used in the diagnosis of skin-related tumors and hair-related and inflammatory skin diseases [8,9,10]. Cutaneous lymphangioma circumscriptum (CLC) is not a tumor but rather a congenital malformation of superficial lymphatics
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