Diagnostic Value of Optical Coherence Tomography in the Early Diagnosis of Macular Complications in Chronic Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose To describe the role of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in detecting subclinical choroidal inflammation and early diagnosis of macular complications in chronic Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease with sunset glow fundus. Methods Retrospective observational study. Clinical features, OCT images, treatment, and visual outcome were analyzed. Results Fourteen patients (9 females and 5 males) were included in the study. Mean age was 39 years (range 7–67 years). Mean duration of disease was 5.25 years (range 1–15 years). Anterior uveitis was seen in 14 eyes (52%). Fundus examination showed sunset glow fundus in all patients with no obvious macular pathology. OCT showed macular edema in 16 eyes (59%), choroidal neovascular membrane in 8 eyes (30%), and macular hole in 3 eyes (11%). Conclusion OCT should be regularly used to detect subclinical inflammation and early macular complications in chronic VKH disease where sunset glow fundus may delay the clinical diagnosis thus causing permanent damage.