Abstract
ObjectiveTo discuss the diagnostic value of multislice spiral tomography (CT) combined with CT angiography (CTA) technology in intra-abdominal undescended testis secondary seminoma cases.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the CT and CTA imaging features of CT and CTA findings of nine patients with an intra-abdominal undescended testis secondary seminoma.ResultsThe tumors in all nine patients were mainly solid, and the average CT value was 38.4 ± 3.4 HU. Low-density areas of various sizes were visible in the tumors, and calcifications were detected in two patients. The tumors in eight patients had a complete capsule, which pressed on the surrounding structures. In one patient, the tumor had an incomplete capsule, which invaded the surrounding structures. Some of the solid tumors showed progressive and slight enhancement on the CT-enhanced scans. The values in the arterial phase, venous phase, and delayed phase were 46.3 ± 5.1 (40–55 HU), 57.3 ± 7.3HU (48–68 HU), and 65.1 ± 7.2HU (56–77 HU), respectively, with an average increase rate of 27.0 ± 7.2 HU. No enhancement was found in low-density areas on the CTA scans, and the supply arteries of the tumors in the nine patients all originated from the abdominal aortic wall 2–3 cm below the renal ostia. These arteries became thickened and tortuous when near the tumors, and there were no branching vessels. In eight patients, the supply arteries of the tumors originated from the posterior tumor and ended inside the tumor, and they originated from anterior of the tumor in one patient. Testicular venous drainage was detected in three patients, and lymph node metastasis in the abdominal aorta detected in two cases.ConclusionAn intra-abdominal undescended testis secondary seminoma exhibits a characteristic appearance on CT. CTA shows a three-dimensional testicular vascular pedicle sign of a seminoma. A combination of CT and CTA can improve the diagnostic accuracy of an intra-abdominal undescended testis secondary seminoma.
Highlights
An undescended testis, which is called cryptorchidism, can be divided into intraperitoneal and inguinal types [1]
Ueno [3] reported that seminomas accounted for 60% of undescended testicular malignant tumors, whereas pure seminomas accounted for 90% of cases
Clinical information From January 2010 to December 2017, data on nine patients with intra-abdominal undescended testis secondary seminomas confirmed by surgery and pathology were collected from the Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo No 7 hospital and Yunnan Province Tumor Hospital
Summary
An undescended testis, which is called cryptorchidism, can be divided into intraperitoneal and inguinal types [1]. Ueno [3] reported that seminomas accounted for 60% of undescended testicular malignant tumors, whereas pure seminomas accounted for 90% of cases. An intra-abdominal giant seminoma is rare and is mainly caused by an intraperitoneal undescended testis malignancy [4]. A familial history of giant seminomas can aid the diagnosis of an undescended testis [5]. Intra-abdominal giant seminomas may be present in a variety of retroperitoneal diseases [6, 7]. Due to the large volume of a giant seminoma, it is difficult to diagnose the characteristics and origin of the tumor. An accurate diagnosis of the imaging features of intra-abdominal giant seminomas is very important for treatment and prognosis [8]. Previous studies have described intra-abdominal undescended testis secondary seminoma cases, information on their imaging features are lacking [9, 10]
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