Diagnostic Radiology Residency Program Director Workforce in the United States: A Descriptive Analysis

Abstract

To investigate and describe the demographics, academic background, and scholarly activity of Diagnostic Radiology (DR) residency program directors in the United States. A list of all DR residency programs accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) and corresponding program directors (PD) was obtained from ACGME website. Information about each PD was obtained from publicly available sources including program websites, Healthgrades and Doximity. Demographic and academic data including age, sex, educational background, subspecialty, tenure, interval between residency completion and appointment as PD, terms served, additional degrees, academic rank, prior leadership positions and metrics of scholarly activity were recorded. Nonparametric statistics including Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied to compare differences between groups. Results are considered statistically significant at p < 0.05. A total of 197 PDs were included in the study of which 139 (70.6%) were male. Average age of PDs was 47.56 years (SD 8.29, median 45, range 35-77). There was no significant difference in median age of male vs female PDs (45 vs 44.5, p = 0.655). Majority of PDs attended American medical schools (181/197, 91.9%), and 16/197 attended international medical schools. Nine PDs received DO degrees (9/197, 4.6%). Academic rank was available for 137 PDs, of which 4 (2.9%) were instructors, 63 (46.0%) were assistant professors, 47 (34.3%) were associate professors and 23 (16.8%) were professors. Fellowship information was available for 183 PDs, of which the most common subspecialties were neuroradiology (24.5%), musculoskeletal radiology (15.8%), abdominal radiology (10.3%), and interventional radiology (9.8%). Female PDs had a significantly higher median publications (13.5 vs 6.0, p = 0.003), median citations (133 vs 37, p = 0.19) and median h-index compared to male PDs (6 ± 3, p = 0.005). Radiology PDs are mostly males who graduated from US allopathic medical schools. Female PDs had significantly higher scholarly metrics compared to male PDs. Twenty three percent PDs were appointed in the last 1 year.