Abstract
Overactive bladder (OAB) is defined as urgency, usually with frequency, nocturia, and incontinence. Patients with liver cirrhosis often present with urinary complaints. The possible reason for this is fluid redistribution, which may induce OAB resulting from portal hypertension and ascites. We conducted this study to investigate predictors of OAB in cirrhotic patients. A total of 164 patients with chronic viral hepatitis-related liver cirrhosis were enrolled and 158 (96.3%) completed the Overactive Bladder Symptoms Score (OABSS) questionnaire. Age, severity of liver cirrhosis, comorbidities, serum sodium level, use of diuretics, body mass index and renal function were also recorded. In the study cohort, the prevalence of OAB was 31.01% and the prevalence of urge incontinence (OAB wet) was 18.3%. Patients with an urgency score ≥2 in OABSS had a significantly lower platelet level (p = 0.025) regardless of the use of diuretics. In addition, 98 patients (62%) with nocturia and 29 patients (18%) with urge incontinence had significantly lower levels of serum albumin (p = 0.028 and 0.044, respectively). In conclusion, patients with liver cirrhosis have a high prevalence of overactive bladder. A low platelet and low serum albumin level in these patients may be predictors for overactive bladder. And longer PT-INR is also a possible biomarker for nocturia.
Highlights
Over the past several decades, liver diseases and cirrhosis have risen to become one of the leading causes of death and illness worldwide
There was no significant difference between genders in symptoms of frequency, nocturia, urgency, and urge incontinence
Our study found that a high proportion of patients with liver cirrhosis have Overactive bladder (OAB)
Summary
Over the past several decades, liver diseases and cirrhosis have risen to become one of the leading causes of death and illness worldwide. In 2017, cirrhosis caused more than 1.32 million deaths globally. The number of prevalent cases of decompensated and compensated cirrhosis globally increased to over 10.6 million and 112 million, respectively. The clinical course of patients with advanced cirrhosis is often complicated by a number of important sequelae that can occur regardless of the underlying cause of the liver disease [2]. Symptoms of cirrhosis include anorexia, weight loss, weakness, fatigue, jaundice, itching, and signs of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (hematemesis, melena, bloody stool), and hepatic encephalopathy is commonly observed by hepatologists. Urinary tract infections are commonly observed in liver cirrhosis patients despite seemingly few report of such findings in the literature
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