Diagnostic Performance of Spot Photoscreener in Detecting Amblyogenic Risk Factors in Korean Children

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of spot vision screener in detecting refractive errors as amblyogenic risk factor in preschool Korean children.Methods: This prospective study included 51 children aged between 3 to 6 who underwent complete ophthalmologic evaluation including measurement of refraction using Spot<sup>TM</sup> Vision Screener (VS100S-2, Welch Allyn Inc., Skaneateles Falls, NY; version 3.0.02.32) and an autorefractometer before and after cycloplegia. The sensitivity and specificity of Spot photoscreening for the detection of amblyogenic risk factors were calculated. We compared the outcome measures of refractive error using spot vision screener and the autorefractometer of non-cycloplegics and cycloplegics.Results: For detection of amblyogenic risk factor by refractive errors, spot vision screener had 90.5% sensitivity, 44.4% specificity, 88.4% positive predictive value and 50.0% negative predictive value. There was a significant difference between non-cycloplegic photoscreening and cycloplegic autorefraction (mean +0.86 diopter [D], <i>p</i> < 0.001), which was more prominent in hyperopic eyes (+2.71 ± 1.17 vs. +5.00 ± 1.39 D, <i>p</i> < 0.001) compared with myopic eyes (-2.51 ± 1.41 D vs. -2.58 ± 1.32 D, <i>p</i> = 0.599).Conclusions: Spot vision screener can help to detect vision issues quickly and easily in young children. Spot vision screener achieved acceptable sensitivity and positive predictive value in Korean preschool aged children, supporting the use of automated vision screening.