Diagnostic Performance of Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography in End-Stage Liver Disease

Abstract

ObjectivesThis study determined the test performance of dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) in end-stage liver disease (ESLD). BackgroundThe reported sensitivity of DSE in ESLD has been variable. MethodsData from 633 ESLD patients who had coronary angiography within 6 months after DSE was analyzed. ResultsThe prevalence of coronary arterial disease (CAD) (≥70% stenosis by quantitative angiography) was 12% (74 of 633 patients). DSE sensitivity was 24% (17 of 72 patients), and specificity was 90% (503 of 559 patients). The positive and negative predictive values were 23% (17 of 73 patients) and 90% (503 of 558 patients), respectively. Stratifying the cohort into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk CAD groups yielded sensitivities of 0%, 21%, and 32%, respectively. Independent predictors of an accurate ischemic DSE result included left ventricular internal dimension at end-diastole (LVIDd) >4.8 cm and assigning ischemia based on tardokinesis or lack of low-to-peak dose hyperkinesis (p < 0.05 for all). DSE sensitivity was 38% in LVIDd >4.8 cm versus 13% with LVIDd ≤4.8 cm (p = 0.013). The sensitivity was 67% when tardokinesis or lack of hyperkinesis was considered abnormal versus 15% (p < 0.001) for readings that did not consider tardokinesis or lack of hyperkinesis abnormal. There was a higher frequency of cardiac events in patients with significant CAD who had abnormal (45%) versus normal (18%) DSE (p = 0.01). ConclusionsThe sensitivity of DSE in ESLD was low. DSE sensitivity was higher for those with larger cavity dimension and when tardokinesis or lack of hyperkinesis was considered abnormal. An abnormal DSE in those with significant CAD was associated with worse outcome.