Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracies of 18F-FDG PET/CT for detection of lymph node (LN) metastasis in penile cancer (PeCA) patients through a systematic review and meta-analysis. The PubMed, Cochrane database, and Embase database, from the earliest available date of indexing through August 31, 2021, were searched for studies evaluating diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT for detection of metastatic LN in PeCA patients. We determined the sensitivities and specificities across studies, calculated positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR+ and LR-, respectively), and constructed summary receiver operating characteristic curves. Across 12 studies (479 patients), the pooled sensitivity of 18F-FDG PET/CT was 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79-0.92) and the pooled specificity was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.79-0.93). Likelihood ratio syntheses gave an overall LR+ of 7.2 (95% CI, 3.9-13.1) and LR- of 0.15 (95% CI, 0.1-0.24). The pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 47 (95% CI, 19-116). In meta-regression analysis, no variable was the source of the study heterogeneity. 18F-FDG PET/CT showed a good diagnostic performances for detection of metastatic LN in PeCA patients. Also, 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed similar diagnostic accuracy for detection of inguinal and pelvic LN metastasis in PeCA patients.
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