Diagnostic efficacy of dedicated MRI seizure protocol and standard protocol in evaluating seizures -A comparative study

Abstract

Seizure episode is most common in males than in females in this study. Among the males, age group of 21-40 years is most affecting with seizures. Major occurrence of seizure is when the patient is in awake state. Most of the patient around 80% in this study presented with single episode of seizure. Generalized Tonic Clonic seizure is the most common form of seizure in this study. Infection and inflammation were most common cause of seizure. Neurocysticercosis is common cause of seizure under infectious cause of seizure, followed by tuberculomas. Ischemia is second most common cause of seizure in this study. Incidence of mesial temporal sclerosis is 17 % in this study. Mesial temporal sclerosis is more common in age group of 21- 40 years of age. From this study it is seen that there is an increase in diagnostic yield (23%) in finding epileptogenic lesions in patients who presented with seizure by adding “dedicated epilepsy protocol”. Standard protocol sequences failed to detect those 23% of the lesion that were diagnosed using epilepsy protocol. Standard protocol issued to predict all lesion types except for hippocampal sclerosis and cortical malformation.