Diagnostic Accuracy of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Newly Diagnosed Heart Failure With Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), cine imaging, and resting first-pass perfusion (FPP) in the evaluation for ischemic (IC) versus nonischemic (NIC) cardiomyopathy in new-onset heart failure with reduced (≤40%) left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF). A retrospective chart review analysis identified 83 patients from January 2009 to June 2012 referred for CMR imaging evaluation for new-onset HFrEF with coronary angiography performed within 6months of CMR. The diagnosis of IC was established using Felker criteria on coronary angiography. CMR sequences were evaluated for the presence of patterns suggestive of severe underlying coronary artery disease as the cause of HFrEF (subendocardial and/or transmural LGE, regional wall motion abnormality on cine, regional hypoperfusion defect on resting FPP). Discriminative power was assessed using receiver operator characteristics curve analysis. Coronary angiography identified 36 patients (43%) with IC. Presence of subendocardial and/or transmural LGE alone demonstrated good discriminative power (C-statistic 0.85, 95% confidence interval 0.76 to 0.94) for the diagnosis of IC. The presence of an ischemic pattern on both LGE and cine sequences resulted in a specificity of 87% for the diagnosis of IC, whereas the absence of an ischemic pattern on both LGE and cine sequences resulted in a specificity of 94% for the diagnosis of NIC. Addition of resting FPP on a subset of patients did not improve diagnostic values. In conclusion, CMR has potential value in the diagnostic evaluation of IC versus NIC.