Abstract

It is my purpose in this paper to consider in outline the new methods of ureteral examination in women which I have developed recently. I shall therefore pass over those important diagnostic points which are already well recognized, such as clinical history, urinalysis, and ureteral and renal palpation. My method lays stress upon three steps in the investigation, namely: Inspection. Catheterization of the ureter. Catheterization of the pelvis of the kidney. It will be observed that each of these procedures gives direct and positive information in marked contrast to the inferential methods of diagnosis of ureteral affections hitherto deemed sufficient. I.—INSPECTION. Inspection is limited to the orifices of the ureters and notes: 1, the appearance of the orifice and its immediate surroundings; 2, the character of the fluid discharged from the orifice; and 3, the character of the flow, whether absent, intermittent, or continuous. Inspection is accomplished by placing the

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