Diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction in human blood using non-invasive method: infra red light emitting diode technique

Abstract

The thyroid is a bilobed butterfly like organ situated on the front of the neck. It secretes hormone like T3 and T4. The incidence of hypo and hyper thyroidism is in the increasing trend due to life style changes. Thyroid hormone has a number of important functions involving the growth and metabolism of the body especially in the children. Growth is very important and it is regulated by this hormone. Hence the importance of this hormone is very much understood. The main aim of this study is to estimate the levels of T3 and T4 by using IR LED technique. This is the most non-invasive, less time consuming and most economical method. This is highly useful in endemic areas to conduct a mass study and evaluation of the disease. IR LED technique is a non-invasive method by which different wave lengths (1000, 750 and 800 nm) is absorbed by the hormone molecules in the blood. Based upon this absorption level hormone level may be assessed. The principle of IR LED technique is to transmit the IR rays of different wavelength which after reflecting from the soft tissues of the finger received by the photo diode which indicate the values. Based upon this absorbance level values of the output is displayed in the liquid crystal display as normal or hyper or hypothyroidism.