Diagnosis of sarcopenia and nutritional intervention in the elderly: literature review

Abstract

Sarcopenia is a skeletal muscle disorder that affects the elderly, characterized by loss of muscle volume associated with loss of strength and performance, increasing the risk of fractures, falls, physical disability and mortality. The diagnosis includes DEXA, physical performance tests, anthropometric measurements as calf circumference and strength test using handgrip strenght that check muscle volume, it’s quality and the elderly mobility and balance hability. Nutritional intervention is an essential strategy in the control of sarcopenia and comprises the adequate energy and protein intake, in addition to vitamin D, primarily. In this context, this narrative review aimed to collect current information about the characteristics of sarcopenia, diagnosis methods and nutritional strategies for the treatment. Updates were searched in BVS, PubMed and SciELO databases, technical books, and Brazilian and international consensus. The structured content makes consultation and updating on sarcopenia easier, from diagnosis to the most relevant dietary recommendations for the treatment of the disease.