Abstract
This narrative literature summarises the evidence to support the need for digital rectal examination after every vaginal delivery. The importance of a digital rectal examination, based on clinical sequalae and consequences of incorrect diagnosis of perineal trauma, is discussed. Digital rectal examination is recommended by many national guidelines as part of a postpartum evaluation of the perineum. Obstetric anal sphincter injuries and isolated rectal tears can be missed if a full examination is not performed. This can lead to serious consequences for women, including anal incontinence. Training is needed to ensure tears are correctly identified. This review provides the evidence base for including digital rectal examination during clinical assessment of the perineum following every vaginal delivery for all healthcare professionals involved in the care of women in the immediate postnatal period.
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