Diagnosis of intrapopulation adaptation genesis of bird cherry aphid <i>Rhopalosiphum padi</i> (L.) under nutrition conditions on various spring common wheat varieties

Abstract

The widespread cultivation of highly productive varieties of agricultural crops often leads to the emergence and spread of new intraspecific forms of insects capable of mass reproduction. The control of these processes is of environmental importance and is possible based on monitoring the variability of the phenol appearance of pest populations. There has been carried out a vegetative and field estimation of phenogenetic variability of such pest of grain crops as the bird cherry-grass aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) under nutrition on 15 spring common wheat varieties. There has been conducted an ecological phenotyping of the adaptability of the intrapopulation composition of aphids under vegetative conditions according to abundance and dispersal ability in the offspring of summer morphs (emigrants and wingless viviparas) in three different clones. There has been identified a differentiated interaction of clones and morphs of aphids with varieties of fodder plants for both indicators. There has been shown that the reproduction rates of emigrants and wingless viviparous aphids within clones (14, S and 85) differed (t14 = 3.9, p =.000; Fs = 8.8, p = 0.000; F85 = 7.9, p = 0.000). Clone S was more successful than others in reproducing emigrants and wingless vivipares (F14 = 17.8, p = 0.000; F85 = 3.4; p = 0.03; F'14 = 2.98, p = 0.05; F'85 = 5.3, p = 0.003, respectively). Favorability of individual varieties for clones did not match. When the aphid population was destabilized, compensatory mechanisms included a discrepancy in the reactivity of individual morphs to unfavorable conditions. There has been shown a correlation (r = 0.53; p = 0.04) between the degree of favorableness of varieties for feeding aphids in vegetation (antibiosis) and field conditions (antibiosis and antixenosis), which has confirmed the similarity of the genetic nature of these types of resistance.