Abstract
BackgroundThe incidence rate of peri-implant diseases is increasing with implant placement. Early detection of peri-implant diseases is important to prevent and treat these diseases, and a simple and objective diagnostic method is expected. Immunochromatographic (IC) assays are used for rapid diagnostic methods for some diseases. The aim of this clinical study was to determine the amount of calprotectin, an inflammatory marker, in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) using an IC chip, and estimate the possibility of this diagnostic system.MethodsForty-six individuals with dental implants participated in a pilot study. PICF samples were collected from the peri-implant sites with or without inflammation after clinical examinations including probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP) and gingival index (GI). Calprotectin in PICF was determined by an IC chip and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for calprotectin. The density of calprotectin line on the IC chip was measured using an IC reader (IC reader value). The relationship between IC reader value and ELISA value or clinical parameters was investigated. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of IC reader value of calprotectin was performed to predict inflammation in peri-implant diseases.ResultsIC reader value of calprotectin was significantly correlated with its ELISA value and PD. IC reader values of calprotectin in PICF samples from periodontal sites with GI-1 and GI-2, and with BOP-positive sites were significantly higher than those of PICF samples from GI-0 sites, and BOP-negative sites, respectively. The IC reader value for calprotectin in PICF samples from inflammatory diseased sites was significantly higher than that of non-diseased sites. ROC analysis suggested that the IC reader value of PICF calprotectin was useful for predicting inflammatory peri-implant diseases.ConclusionIC assay for PICF calprotectin may be a possible system for diagnosing the inflammatory peri-implant diseases.
Highlights
The incidence rate of peri-implant diseases is increasing with implant placement
We found that calprotectin level in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) samples from diseased sites was higher than that of healthy sites, and PICF calprotectin levels were significantly correlated with probing depth (PD) value and gingival index (GI) score [11]
Clinical indicators of PD, bleeding on probing (BOP) and GI were examined after the collection of PICF, and the bone loss (BL) rate of alveolar bone around peri-implants was assessed on radiographic images
Summary
The incidence rate of peri-implant diseases is increasing with implant placement. Early detection of peri-implant diseases is important to prevent and treat these diseases, and a simple and objective diagnostic method is expected. The therapy for peri-implant diseases follows the standard of cumulative interceptive supportive therapy (CIST), which is classified using clinical indicators [5] Clinical examinations, such as PD, BOP and mobility have commonly been used for the diagnosis of peri-implant diseases, as well as periodontal diseases, their accuracy and objectivity are not necessarily sufficient because of peri-implant tissues with mucous and less attached gingiva, as well as the complex structures of dental implants and prosthetic superstructures [2, 3, 6, 7]. These problems appear to influence a wide prevalence range of peri-implant diseases; peri-implant mucositis: 19–65%, peri-implantitis: 1–47% [8, 9]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
