Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostatic Sarcoma: Advances in the Understanding of a Rare and Aggressive Disease

Abstract

Prostatic sarcoma is a rare and aggressive disease that accounts for less than 1% of all diagnosed malignant prostate tumors. It mainly affects older men and its epidemiology is still not well defined due to the lack of comprehensive registries. The clinical presentation of prostatic sarcoma is variable, with urinary symptoms, pelvic or lumbar pain and systemic symptoms. Diagnosis requires a comprehensive evaluation including clinical history, physical examination, prostate biopsy and imaging studies. Treatment is individualized and multidisciplinary, including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapies. However, due to the rarity of this disease, evidence on the efficacy of different treatments is limited. More research is needed to better understand prostatic sarcoma, develop more effective therapeutic strategies and improve outcomes for affected patients.