Diagnosis and treatment of dyssomnic impairment in patients with anxiety-depressive disorders (literature review).

Abstract

Sleep disorders are one of the most common complaints in patients seeking medical attention. In turn, dyssomnic disorders are often associated with other somatic and mental illnesses. The greatest comorbidity of sleep disorders is seen with anxiety and depressive disorders. The relationship, which is defined as bi-directional and can aggravate the course of each other, as well as affect the results of treatment and the occurrence of relapse in the future. The purpose of this article was to conduct a systematic literature review of a number of studies related to the study of the relationship between anxiety-depressive disorders and sleep disorders, assessment features and existing therapeutic approaches. As a result of a systematic literature search, 25 studies were selected for further analysis. The inclusion criteria were the availability of information on the mutual influence of sleep disorders on the course of states of the anxiety-depressive spectrum, methods of monitoring and self-monitoring sleep disorders in patients, as well as approaches of pharmacological and psychotherapeutic influence. Most studies reported the successful use of psychoeducational work, cognitive-behavioral therapy (individual, group), and person-centered psychotherapy to correct sleep in patients, and it was noted that sleep recovery led to a significant improvement in comorbidity. It was also found that the most studied sleep disorders were in depressive disorder, while the relationship and methods of correcting dyssomnias in anxiety disorders have not been studied enough. Thus, further research aimed at expanding the methods of sleep correction in anxiety states and the creation of appropriate differentiated rehabilitation programs for the treatment of patients with anxiety-depressive disorders with sleep disorders would make a significant contribution to the development of clinical medical, psychological and psychiatric practice. Key words: depression, dyssomnia treatment, psychopharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, sleep disorders, anxiety