Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome of the Forearm in Motocross Riders.

Abstract

* Chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the forearm is most commonly found in motocross riders, and the term “arm pump” has been assigned by this population to any constellation of forearm pain experienced after riding.* Chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the forearm often results in a decrease in riders’ performance and, in some cases, requires riders to discontinue the sport altogether.* Unlike exertional compartment syndrome of the lower extremity in runners, the orthopaedic literature offers little information regarding evaluation, treatment, and management of chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the forearm.* Diagnosis of chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the forearm includes a thorough physical examination and volar compartment pressures. Literature supports pressures of ≥30 mm Hg taken at 5 minutes after symptoms begin as diagnostic for chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the forearm.* Up to 80% of riders can successfully be treated for chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the forearm nonoperatively through modification of their bike as well as physical therapy modalities.* If indicated, operative treatment of chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the forearm has up to a 95% success rate, with wide-open fasciotomy being the gold standard.