Diagnosis and treatment of bone lymphangioma associated with spinal deformity in children

Abstract

To investigate the diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of bone lymphangioma associated with spinal deformity in children. Eight cases of children with bone lymphangioma associated with spinal deformity at our hospital from 1983 to 2010 were reviewed and analyzed with the following criteria: clinical manifestations, imaging features, histopathological characteristics and therapeutic options. The outcomes of early intervention treatment were assessed. The key diagnostic points and therapeutic principles were summarized on the basis of our own as well as international and domestic experiences. Paraplegia developed in 2 cases because of delayed treatment. The remaining 6 cases were followed up for 10 months to 2 years with satisfactory effects. By curettage lesions, bone grafts, intralesional injection of bleomycin and pedicle screw-stick system maintaining the spinal stability, bone lymphangioma became smaller or disappeared and spinal deformity was effectively controlled. The mean scoliosis and kyphosis correction rates were 57.0% and 58.4% respectively. Bone lymphangioma in children is rare. If costa and vertebrae are involved, spinal deformity will progressively develop and lead eventually to paraplegia. With an early diagnosis and the administration of proper drugs, bone lymphangioma can be effectively controlled. Surgery for the stability of spinal deformity will effectively prevent the occurrence of paraplegia.