Diagnosis and treatment of bladder benign neoplasm in children

Abstract

Objective To summarize the experience about the diagnosis and treatment of bladder benign neoplasm in children. Methods A retrospective study was conducted for a total of 15 patients with bladder benign neoplasm from October 2006 to May 2016.There were 10 males and 5 females with a mean age of 8.7 years (ranging 1.1-13.8 years) .The clinical manifestations of 15 patients included hematuria in 9 patients, frequent micturition with urgent and painful in 3 patients, dysuria in 1 patient, abdominal pain in 2 patients and headache during voiding in 1 patient. Ultrasound showed solid masses in the bladder with iso-echoic or nonhomogeneously hypoechoic. CT scanning showed regular or irregular mass with some enhancement in the bladder. All cases received tumor complete resection by opening operation and bladders were preserved. Among the 15 cases, neoplasms located in the anterior, posterior and lateral wall of bladder in 9 cases, ureteral orifice in 4 cases and trigone of bladder in 2 cases. The size of tumors ranged from 1.2 to 6.0 cm (mean 3.1cm). The tumors were unifocal and seemed like papillary or cauliflower. The literatures of benign neoplasm of bladder were reviewed, which focused on the clinic characters, pathological classification and therapeutic method. Results Pathologic type included papilloma in 5 patients, inverted papilloma in 1 patient, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in 7 patients, hemangioma in 1 patient, pheochromocytoma in 1 patient. Fifteen patients were followed up for 6 to 36 months, mean 26.7 months.All patients recovered well without relapse or metastasis Conclusions Bladder benign neoplasm in children is rare with many kinds of pathological classification .The major clinical manifestation is gross hematuria while dysuria is unusual. Tumors are fewer in trigone of bladder. The best treatment is to resect the tumor completely with bladder preservation if possible. Key words: Children; Bladder; Benign neoplasm