Abstract

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) accounts for only 15–20% of acute leukemias diagnosed in children. Pediatric and adult AML differ significantly in molecular characteristics and clinical features. These differences translate to overall better outcomes in children than adults. In the past 30 years, marked improvements in outcome have been achieved, especially for children with favorable AML subtypes. Progress is attributable to intensified treatment, optimized supportive care, and advances in stem cell transplantation. However, much more progress is needed to improve outcome and to decrease the burden of treatment for all patients.

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