Abstract
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a Morbillivirus within the Paramyxoviridae family which characterized by highly contagious nature with high morbidity and mortality rates in domestic small ruminants. The aim of this study was to investigate an outbreak of PPRV in a flock of sheep and goats in Belbes city, AL-Sharkia governorate in 2018 by virus isolation and conventional RT-PCR. Phylogenetic analysis of N gene sequence of PPRV isolate. Also, compare it with other isolate from previous outbreak in Zagazig city, Al-Sharkia governorate in 2017 as a measurement of the infection status in Egypt. The current study applied on a flock of 55 small ruminants (42 goats and 13 sheep) in Belbes city which suspected to be infected by PPRV. All infected animals were not vaccinated against PPRV and randomly move from place to place. The morbidity rate was 100% and mortality rate was (23.8% in goats and 7.69% in sheep). Diseased animals suffered from fever, mucopurulent ocular discharge, nasal discharge, dyspnea, diarrhea, necrotic tissue and diphtheritic membrane in oral cavity. The ten samples (6 tissue scraping from oral lesions and 4 oculo-nasal swabs) were tested by conventional reverse transcription PCR which revealed 100% sensitivity compared to VI (virus isolation) 70%. Comparative of N gene sequence of both PPRV isolates revealed that homogenous population of PPR virus isolates up to 99%. Also, the PPRV isolate of the current study is related to Ethiopian strain and the previous Egyptian strains (Ismailia 3/Egy/2010 isolate, El-Kalubeya isolate and Ismailia 1-2014 isolate). The PPRV isolate of present study and all previous Egyptian isolates belong to lineage IV in phylogenetic analysis. The results emphasize the importance of molecular methods for a broader understanding of the epidemiology and development of the virus in the country.Key words: PPRV; Conventional RT- PCR; phylogenetic analysis; Al-Sharqia
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