Diagnosis and management of simple ovarian cysts

Abstract

Adnexal masses are found in 6% of women of reproductive age. Ultrasonography can clearly identify the characteristics of ovarian cysts. Simple ovarian cysts in women of reproductive age have commonly been treated with oral contraceptives. However expectant management can also be effective. The present study evaluates the results of expectant management of simple ovarian cysts and compares these results with those of oral contraceptive treatment. This randomized controlled trial of a 24-months duration enrolled 141 premenopausal women younger than 50 years who had low serum cancer antigen (CA)-125 levels (< 65 U/mL) and an ovarian cyst detected by transvaginal Doppler ultrasonography within the first 5 days of their menstrual cycle. The women were assigned to expectant management (n = 74 group 1) or to receive daily hormonal treatment (n = 67 group 2). The treatment consisted of 20 µg of ethinyl estradiol and 150 µg of desogestrel (Myralon; Organon Ilac AS Istanbul Turkey). (excerpt)