Abstract
BackgroundCutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an endemic disease in Brazil that is highly prevalent in the northern region of the country. Although there is a continuous and growing number of cases registered in the state of Roraima, there is limited information regarding the species of Leishmania that affect the human population. In this study, we aimed to characterize which Leishmania species cause human disease in those presenting with cutaneous leishmaniasis in endemic areas of the State of Roraima.MethodsWe conducted a prospective surveillance study between 2016 to 2018 in health centers located in the State of Roraima, Brazil. Participants with clinical suspicion of CL were enrolled and provided lesion samples for parasitological detection by microscopy. A subset of the samples was tested by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1 PCR) for molecular species identification.ResultsA total of 262 participants were enrolled in this study. Of those, 129 (49.27%) were positive by parasitological examination. Most positive subjects (81.58%) were male, and most cases presented a single lesion (80.26%). ITS-1 PCR and sequencing on a subset of 76 samples allowed us to detect nine different species of Leishmania: L. (V.) braziliensis, L (V.) panamensis, L. (V.) guyanensis, L. (V.) naiffi, L. (V.) shawi, L.(V.) utingensis, L. (V.) lindenbergi, L. (L.) amazonensis and L. (L.) mexicana.ConclusionsOur study provides the first assessment of circulating species of Leishmania in the State of Roraima, Brazil, and shows the high diversity in this region. This study opens the path for further research on the transmission of leishmaniasis in the northernmost Brazilian State including vector and reservoir surveillance as well as for intensification of investigation and control activities against CL in the region.Graphical
Highlights
Leishmaniasis is a complex of diseases caused by species of intracellular protozoa, morphologically similar, of the genus Leishmania (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) and transmited by the bite of infected female sand fliesLaboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FundaçãoOswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilFull list of author information is available at the end of the article (Diptera: Psychodidae) [1]
Our study provides the first assessment of circulating species of Leishmania in the State of Roraima, Brazil, and shows the high diversity in this region
This study opens the path for further research on the transmission of leishmaniasis in the northernmost Brazilian State including vector and reservoir surveillance as well as for intensification of investigation and control activities against Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the region
Summary
Leishmaniasis is a complex of diseases caused by species of intracellular protozoa, morphologically similar, of the genus Leishmania (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) and transmited by the bite of infected female sand fliesLaboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FundaçãoOswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilFull list of author information is available at the end of the article (Diptera: Psychodidae) [1]. The Brazilian Amazon is in this area [3, 4] and is comprised of municipalities of large territorial extension and difficult access This scenario poses challenges to implement measures recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health for the control of CL and is further complicated by the multiple ethnic, cultural and environmental factors that characterize this region [4, 5]. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an endemic disease in Brazil that is highly prevalent in the northern region of the country. There is a continuous and growing number of cases registered in the state of Roraima, there is limited information regarding the species of Leishmania that affect the human population.
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