Diagnosis and detection of VicK gene in Streptococcus mutans isolated from the saliva of patients with diabetic type 2 with tooth decay in the Iraqi population.

Susan F.Khadhem Al-Sudani,Laheeb R Hamad,Fattma A Ali

doi:10.14715/cmb/2021.67.4.25

Susan F.Khadhem Al-Sudani, Laheeb R Hamad + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.14715/cmb/2021.67.4.25

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Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is gradually becoming more common in Iraq. Salivary changes and proliferation of specific bacterial communities cause oral disease that can adversely affect systemic conditions such as diabetes. Fifty saliva samples were collected from people with T2DM suffering from tooth decay and twenty-five people without T2DM suffering from tooth decay. The periodontal status, the extent of the root surface, and coronal caries were evaluated. Saliva was cultured for investigating Streptococcus mutans. The results showed that patients with type 2 diabetes had significantly more severe Periodontitis and a higher prevalence and magnitude of bacterial caries. Diabetic subjects had higher levels of Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and Random Blood Sugar (R.B.S.). The S. mutans diagnosis by PCR for Sanger Sequencing technique by using VicK gene sequences (1300bp). The PCR products of the isolate were submitted to Macrogen Company for sequencing. Selected seven isolates as new isolates registered in global gene bank as locally S. Mutans isolates in Bagdad city/Iraq and their accepted accession numbers include LOCUS MT603520, MT603521, MT603522, MT603523, MT603524, MT603525,and MT603526 of nucleotide sequence. The VicK genes isolates' phylogenetic trees revealed a genotype that was closely connected to other isolates in GenBank. Furthermore, gene sequencing demonstrated a success rate of 99 percent. resemblance to other isolates in the GenBank database The likelihood of a link between S. Mutans and dental carries was determined by these findings.

Highlights

Diabetes mellitus (D.M.) is a group of metabolic the normal flora [9]
Sample Collection A total of fifty patients with diabetes mellitus and tooth decay had classified into two groups, and as a control group, twenty-five individuals were attended in this study
This study detected VicK gene in samples collected from the saliva of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)

Summary

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus (D.M.) is a group of metabolic the normal flora [9]. Pathogenic microorganisms in diseases with hyperglycemia caused by insulin action the oral cavity are frequently linked to two primary and/or insulin secretion defects [1]. [13,14,15,16] It is term tissue damage, which results in dysfunction and not clear which factors or combinations of failure of different organs [3,4] and an increased risk mechanisms are directly responsible for complications of oral diseases, inclusively periodontal disease [5,6], in the target tissues. It is not clear whether a dental caries [7], and xerostomia [8]. Individuals with no complications; there is a variation in the functional metabolic abnormalities, insulin deficiency, developmental rate and severity of these and hyperglycemia are generally at low risk for complications

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